|
String Quartet in D major is the only string quartet composed by César Franck. The work was written from 1889 to 1890. == Background == The creative life of Franck is broadly divided into three periods. During the first period (1841-1858), when his ambitious father forced him to be active as a virtuoso pianist, Franck wrote works for chamber music, including four piano trios numbered as the composer's Op.1 and 2. Franck received advice from Franz Liszt, who commented, about 40 years later, on hearing an organ performance by Franck at Sainte-Clotilde, Paris, "How could I ever forget the composer of those trios?" However, during the second period (1858-1876), when Franck dedicated himself to the organ, he did not compose any notable works for this genre. Masterpieces of Franck, including the Piano Quintet F minor (1879), the Violin Sonata A major (1886) and this quartet, were written in the third period started from 1876. Since his next chamber work, the second violin sonata, was not finished due to his death in 1890, this string quartet was to be his last chamber work. Franck started a sketch of this work at the beginning of 1889. He commenced with the first movement, and, through at least three different versions, completed the final version of it on October 29. After quickly finishing the second movement by November 9,〔 he completed the entire work on January 15, 1890. Vincent d'Indy, one of Franck's celebrated pupils, noted that Franck had already considered writing a string quartet as early as the 1870s. It was in the 1870s that the Société Nationale de Musique, which Franck joined as one of the founding members, was established in order to promote the French classical music tradition instead of stage music; it dominated the country's music scene at that time under influential musicians including Jacques Offenbach.〔 Although Franck abandoned his string quartet, he resumed in 1888, and, as d'Indy recalled, he learned the scores of string quartets by Beethoven and Schubert on his piano for intensive study.〔 Many elements of Franck's string quartet are considered to stem from Beethoven's later works, but traces of Beethoven are not superficially visible.〔 During his life, this work was his first public success. Franck, known as a late-flowering composer, had attracted little attention from audiences. Even the Symphony D minor and the ''Prelude, Aria et Final'', whose reputation is well established today, were disastrously premiered. However, he never pandered to the French public taste of the day and never ceased pursuing his ideal of music, gradually attracting interest from the public as well as professionals through masterpieces such as his violin sonata. Finally, on 19 April 1890, in the concert of the Société Nationale de Musique at Salle Pleyel, the premier of this work was received with thunderous applause.〔 This was just seven months before his death. The score of this work was published in 1892, and edition by Hamelle, Paris, was widely used in 1906. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「String Quartet (Franck)」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|